AirDriePhysiotherapy

Archive for the ‘Physiotherapy For Postoperative Section’ Category

Methods of application of thermotherapy:
Arena

It is a solid physical agent. It is applied as a bath, covering the patient with hot sand where the temperature should not exceed 45 º C. You should not cover their heads and bath should last no longer than 30 minutes. This type tends to produce large sweat bath.

Dry Wraps

This is the use of blankets or warm blankets for either local or general application. Placed directly on the skin and the duration of the application can be quite long.

Termóferos

Termóferos known as all those solids that are heated and used previously for therapeutic purposes, such as bricks, hot water bottles, etc.

Paraffin

Paraffin is a semi physical agent whose melting point is 52 º C. Has the property to maintain its heat for a long time.

Muds

It is a mixture of paraffin with volcanic mud whose melting point is very high, so it is necessary to cool before use.

Dry air

This is a hot air bath can be used in local or general treatment. The application is made in a closed room where the air temperature goes up gradually to 40 º C to 60 º C for 25 to 60 minutes.

Water Vapor

It is used for general applications as saunas, Turkish or Russian bath and local application.

Infrared

Lamps is implemented by infrared radiation power. Be applied for 10 to 30 minutes at a distance of 20 to 25 cm. The infrared applications produce analgesia, vasodilation, hyperemia and increased body temperature. It is mostly used in cases of chronic pain and a half to circulatory diseases.

Diathermo

This is a technique of high frequency electrotherapy is produced by a buffer capacitor generates waves and thermal effects which produce an increase in deep tissue temperature, increase blood flow and vasodilation.

Situations that may indicate the use of thermotherapy:

Musculoskeletal system: in cases where there are both muscular and joint contusions, osteoarthritis, arthritis, muscle sprains and muscle tears.

Nervous system in cases of neuralgia, neuritis, contractions and spasms.

Circulatory system: for vascular disease such as arteriosclerosis.

Urogenital system: in cases of nephritis, urolithiasis and cystitis.

Digestive system: to treat stomach pains and cramps.

Respiratory: pleurisy, laryngitis, bronchiectasis.

Skin: For the treatment of inflammatory processes, such as abscesses.

Metabolic diseases, eg obesity.

Contraindications:

Thermotherapy is not recommended if the patient has some form of heart disease, psychological depressive disorders, inflammatory conditions of the abdominal cavity as appendicitis, acute inflammation of the musculoskeletal system and in patients taking anticoagulants.

Methods of application of thermotherapy:

Peloids

They are semi physical agents. Formed with a mixture of mineral water, seawater or salt lake water with organic or inorganic substances which arise as a result of biological or geological processes.

The peloids are formed from sediment of the water, then macerated and stored until they are transformed into therapeutic agents for mineral water action. As a therapeutic, peloids are used at high temperature and generally retain their long-time temperature.

Peloids commonly used are:

Sludge or slurries, consisting of two components, one solid and one liquid clay (water sulfate, sulfur and chloride).

Limos: the solid component is clay, silica or limestone and the liquid is sea water or salt lake.

Mobs: the solid component of the mobs are plant debris and clay, the liquid component is natural water or seawater.

Bioglan: Bioglan in the solid component is organic (algae) and sulfur liquid is water. They are greenish yellow and have a gelatinous consistency.

It is the application of heat on the body for therapeutic purposes through high temperature material bodies. The heat spreads in the body producing a temperature rise as a result of which the therapeutic effects emerge.

An agent is considered warm heat whenever it is between 34 and 36 º C and no higher than sensitivity of the skin of 58 º C. Termoterapeutic application has several effects:

At the cellular level: it increases the metabolic processes to a point where, no matter what the temperature rises, lowers the metabolic process.

Blood circulation: the most important effect is thermoregulation that produces at first a brief vasoconstriction and then vasodilation produced by hyperthermia. In the entire body surface vasomotor reaction occurs that has a reflex action in areas distal to the application and important effects such as improvement of cellular nutrition, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic.

Digestive system: The application of heat diminish secretions and increase gastric muscle tone, and increases intestinal movement.

Urinary system: the heat rises and accelerates diuresis bladder emptying.

Respiratory system: the heat causes increased respiration rate and water vapor content in the inspired air, which results in a thermoregulatory mechanism.

Nervous system: the short-term hot stimuli increase the sensitivity and the lower short-term, resulting in sedation and analgesia.

Muscles: The heat relaxes muscles, is an antispasmodic and eliminates fatigue, increases elasticity and decreases muscle tone.

Skin on skin heat produces a temperature rise, changing the circulation and local sweating. It also increases the evaporation of water through the skin and reduces the sensitivity of the tactile nerve endings.

Therapeutic effects of thermotherapy:

Anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory effects of thermotherapy and can be used in any type of inflammation, except acute phase.

Painkiller: This effect is achieved within minutes of application. Its intensity depends on temperature, time of application and the conditions under which the patient is.

Antispasmodic: thermotherapy acts on the muscle spasms and contractions in both skeletal muscle and in the viscera.

Salutary lesson: local intense heat therapy can produce an increase in blood circulation.

Searing: when heat is applied in a given area and intensity than skin tolerance, there is destruction of tissue burn.

Cryotherapy is the application of cold in the body for therapeutic purposes. At the cellular level causes breakdown of cell membranes, denaturation of lipoproteins and metabolic disorders. At vascular vasoconstrictive effects followed by vasodilation. Cryotherapy also has anti-inflammatory and anesthetic effects.

This therapy is especially recommended for sprains in the acute phase (up to three days of events), traumatic inflammation and sprains, as an antiemetic in the digestive tract in cases of vascular inflammation that cause headaches and migraines, to treat sunstroke and heat stroke and reduce fever.

Modes of application of cryotherapy:

· Criocinesiterapia: The combination of cryotherapy and physiotherapy
• Bags of colloid
• Water cold
· Aerosols
• Bags of ice
· Cold packs
· Bathrooms cold
Contrast · Bathrooms
· Wraps cold water or alcohol
· Immersion in ice water
· Camera cold
· Chorros cold
· Application of dry ice
· Chloride Ethyl
· Methyl fluoride

Cryotherapy is contraindicated in cases of allergy to the cold, vascular problems, diabetes, Raynaud’s syndrome, vasculitis, urticaria, crioglobulemia, hypersensitivity to cold, hemoglobulinuria, severe cardiovascular disease and kidney disease and visceral.

Any application of cryotherapy treatment should be done under medical supervision and must be applied by a specialist.

Physiotherapy has a key role in patients with Parkinson’s disease.

A common problem with which people find is that their movement is more difficult, slower and more rigid than it used to be.

Common activities that occur daily may not be as automatic as they used to be. These include, for example walking, standing, turning in bed and in and out of a car.

As physiotherapists we use the Bobath concept for the treatment of patients with Parkinson’s and other neurological diseases. This re-alignment of the body, loosening stiff joints and muscles to promote greater freedom of movement.

If the muscles are used less often, they lose strength. As part of treatment, are given specific exercises tailored to the needs of each individual.

Another characteristic of Parkinson’s disease is the stooped posture that contributes to poor balance. We can help maintain an upright posture, which will help prevent or reduce the risk of falls. Walking slowly is often presented as a problem in this condition. This affects the quality of our movement, reducing our speed and confidence, while also increasing the risk of falls.

The physical therapist mobilized the pieces of the body with his hands in order to “awaken” and try to make them work more efficiently.

It is common for Parkinson’s disease produces a loss of confidence and mood is below normal.

It is part of the therapist’s role to encourage and motivate the patient through their difficult times.

Ultimately it aims to promote independence and improve quality of life through the help and advice on how to manage Parkinson’s disease as effectively as possible

Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Most therapists suggest that stroke rehabilitation is very effective mainly physical treatment after stroke.

However, certain published data show that the evidence found is not so simple or easy to assess. However, most of the evidence is overwhelming, because they recognize that patients benefit from stroke rehabilitation with physiotherapy.

This benefit may be statistically small, but for a given individual, it could mean the difference between living at home or in a medical institution.

Few studies address the importance of physiotherapy in rehabilitation optimal movement. The evidence currently available suggests that no matter what form of treatment chosen and that any of the available methods can improve patient’s functional status. In other words, if there is an optimal treatment, so far not been identified.

Until further evidence emerges, the therapies should be selected based on their cost-benefit analysis, which can be given to as many patients.

Well-planned clinical trials aimed at finding the best approach is extremely important in these stages.

Patients who had a stroke often experience long-term difficulties in walking and everyday activities, like getting up from a chair and climbing stairs. Patients often fall, and this is one of a stroke are potentially serious problems. Patients with worsening mobility or have fallen often referred to physiotherapy by family doctors and other institutions, such as social institutions. However, the benefits of community physiotherapy for patients with long-term mobility problems pascastroke unclear. After research conducted by Green et al., Found that regular community physiotherapy for patients with mobility difficulties a year after the onset of stroke is less effective.

The researchers filter the 359 patients aged over 50 years. Assessment was made at 3, 6, and 9 months in 170 patients who qualify for the given intervention or no intervention. The primary criterion is measured based on the mobility Rivermead mobility index. Secondary measures of road speed, the frequency of falls, daily activity (Barthel index score), social activity (Frenchay activities index), the scale of the hospital anxiety and depression, and emotional stress nurses (28 general health questionnaire). Read the rest of this entry »

Introduction

Traumatic injuries of the flexor tendons of the hand are very common and can leave serious consequences ranging from a simple reduction of force, until a major limitation of flexion, limiting the overall role of the hand.

In this article we will focus on the case of a patient who attended the Emergency Unit of the European Hospital Georges Pompidou (Paris). In this hospital there is a service that specializes in hand surgery, the rehabilitation is conducted according to specific protocols.

The patient of 44 years goes by a domestic accident (breakage of a plate). Presents a deep cut on the palm side of the Zone II of the left index finger. In his case presents no complete vascular injury but a common functional impotence of the Deep Flexor (FCP) and Common Flexor Surface (FCS) and a radial edge of the anesthesia of the finger.
Realizándosele surgery is a suture in the tendon, an anastomosis of the radial collateral artery and a suture of the radial collateral nerve.

The post is smooth and the patient started physical therapy the day after your operation.

Basic Concepts

Then, for a proper understanding, we proceed to explain some basic concepts

2.1) topographical areas

In 1961, the Truth and Michot propose a classification that includes seven anatomical areas to divide the hand. The International Federation of Hand Surgery amends in 1980. Currently comprises 5 zones and 3 fingers for the thumb.

In this case only develop different parts of the fingers except the thumb, as the case of our patient.

Zone 1: Insertion of the distal flexor surface and covers the insertion of the deep flexor of the base of the third phalanx.

Zone 2: Called “No Man’s Land”: It goes from the distal palmar crease to the middle of the second phalanx.
This area is interesting from the anatomical point of view because at this level the deep flexor appears “punch” to the superficial flexor.

Zone 3: Occupies since leaving the carpal tunnel until the digital channel. This area is conducive to good recovery.

Zone 4: Carpal Canal Zone. Corresponds to the carpal tunnel area covered by the annular ligament anterior carpal pulley makes avoiding the phenomenon of string arc during flexion of the wrist. The median nerve is the most vulnerable surface of the channel.

Zone 5: Since the union of the musculo-tendinous flexor to enter the carpal tunnel. In this area, the tendons are surrounded by a paratendón which allows movement of large amplitude. It is a very favorable area for recovery if there is a nerve-associated vascular injury. Read the rest of this entry »